Explain why strong upper-level divergence will cause the pressure in the center of a surface low to decrease
What will be the ideal response?
ANSWER: As long as the upper-level diverging air balances the converging surface air, the central pressure in the surface low does not change. However, the surface pressure will change if upper-level divergence and surface convergence are not in balance. For example, the surface pressure will change if the mass of air above the surface changes. Consequently, if upper-level divergence exceeds surface convergence (that is, more air is removed at the top than is taken in at the surface), the air pressure at the center of the surface low will decrease, and isobars around the low will become more tightly packed. This situation increases the pressure gradient (and, hence, the pressure gradient force), which, in turn, increases the surface winds.
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