Kohlberg argued that once children have a concept of gender identity, and especially a concept of gender constancy, they essentially self-socialize. A more contemporary version of Kohlberg’s ideas is the gender self-socialization model. Explain the gender self-socialization model, including how it is related to stereotype emulation and identity construction.

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As children develop, they tend to want to adopt the characteristics of their gender based on their knowledge of the characteristics of the people they see in the world around them. This idea is the foundation of the gender self-socialization model. According to this model, children’s gender identity, their gender stereotypes, and their gender self-perceptions all influence each other as children develop. One of the processes linking these three aspects is stereotype emulation; the more that children identify with their gender, the more they view themselves as having the qualities specified by stereotypes about their gender. A second process is identity construction; the more that children engage in gender-stereotyped activities, the more identified with their own gender they become. In short, the culture provides plenty of information about acceptable behavior for boys and girls, but children do not always have to be forced to conform, so in many ways, they self-socialize.

History

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Why did the U.S. government oppose British Foreign Secretary George Canning's proposed declaration in 1822 that Britain and the United States opposed European intervention

in the Americas and that neither nation would assert any territorial interest in Latin America? A) The U.S. government didn't have any objection to Spain reasserting its colonial presence in the Americas to prevent or overturn revolutionary movements in Latin America from taking power. B) The U.S. government didn't trust Great Britain to abstain from the Americas because of their substantial economic interests in Latin America and the Caribbean. C) President Monroe and Secretary of State Adams aspired to the eventual U.S. takeover of parts of the Spanish Empire in North America from Texas to California and perhaps also Cuba. D) The U.S. government was confident that the revolutions in Latin America overthrowing European colonial control would be detrimental to U.S. economic interests in the region.

History

Which of the following is true of Egyptian cultural influence on Nubia?

a. Nubian child hostages learned the Egyptian culture, religion, and language. b. Nubians served as archers in the Egyptian armed forces and so learned Egyptian culture. c. Nubians traded for Egyptian goods. d. Nubians built Egyptian-style towns and temples to Egyptian gods and goddesses. e. All of the above.

History