What enables a PCR-amplified gene to be inserted into a cloning vector?
a. The PCR reaction adds sticky ends onto the amplified DNA, allowing ligation to a cloning vector.
b. Restriction enzyme sites are added to the 5? ends of both primers; therefore, digestion of the PCR-amplified
gene allows ligation to a cloning vector cut with the same restriction enzyme.
c. The PCR-amplified gene is sequenced to locate restriction sites in order to determine which restriction
enzymes to use for cloning.
d. The PCR-amplified gene is cut with one restriction enzyme, then ligated to a cloning vector cut by a different
restriction enzyme.
e. The cloning vector is added to the PCR reaction, and once the gene is amplified, it immediately ligates to the
cloning vector.
ANSWER: b
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Which of the following is an example of post-translational modification? (Select all correct choices)
A. Digestive proteins are translated into inactive forms that can be activated at a later time and/or in a different place. B. Chaperone proteins help newly translated proteins achieve the appropriate tertiary structure. C. Proteins are modified by the replacement of one or more amino acids by sugars, which may then target the protein to a specific cell compartment.
How many different codons in our genetic code specify amino acids?
a. 3 b. 20 c. 60 d. 61 e. 64
DNA replication is considered
A. dispersive. B. relaxed. C. semiconservative. D. stringent. E. conservative.
What is the main difference between monotremes and eutherians?
A. Monotremes lack the mammary glands that eutherians have. B. Monotremes are ectothermic, while eutherians are endothermic. C. Monotremes lay eggs, while eutherians give birth to live young. D. Monotremes finish developing their young in a pouch, while eutherians develop young in a placenta.