Which statement about the development of scientific reasoning is true?
A. Scientific reasoning develops through the completion of traditional scientific tasks, but not through informal reasoning.
B. Scientific reasoning develops through informal reasoning, but not through the completion of traditional scientific tasks.
C. Most preschool children have the ability to inhibit an initial hypothesis-testing strategy long enough to actively seek disconfirming evidence.
D. Both adolescents and adults have difficulty grasping the joint influence of several variables on an observable outcome.
Answer: D
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a. Projection b. Reaction formation c. Regression d. Sublimation
Self-affirmation is a strategy used:
a) for self-verification b) to make upward social comparisons a) to derive a positive self-esteem from social aspects of the self b) to derive a positive self-esteem from personal aspects of the self
__________ is how much cognitive effort a person needs to devote to process information
a) Automaticity b) Divided attention c) Rehearsal d) Elaboration
In the Deese/Roediger-McDermott paradigm, participants are presented with lists of related words such as nap, bed, quiet, dark, dream, pillow, and night. Later, about ______ of college student participants falsely recognize related items such as sleep, which were never actually presented, as being part of the list.
a. 10% b. 25% c. 80% d. 50%