List, define, and give an example of each of the five organizational principles of Gestalt perception discussed in your text.
What will be an ideal response?
Student answers will vary. A sample answer follows.
Gestalt perception has five organizational principles:
• Grouping objects according to their similarity (for instance, if someone asked you to describe an image of pens, pencils, and scissors in a cup, you would describe the pencils as one group rather than describing one pencil, one pair of scissors, and then another pencil)
• Grouping objects based on their nearness (for example, if someone asked you to describe an image of two groups of people having conversations, you would assume that the people in the foreground are part of one group and the people in the background are in a second group)
• Good continuation, or perceiving objects as continuous in cases where it is logical to assume that they would continue (for example, if you see an image of someone hula-hooping, and the entire hoop is not visible, you would assume that the hoop continues behind the person)
• Closure, or assuming objects are whole even if parts of them are not visible (for instance, if you saw a group of pencils and pens in a cup, you would assume that each pen and pencil was whole even if you could not see the bottom half)
• Pragnanz, or perceiving objects in the simplest way possible (for instance, if you saw a bright light at night, you would be more likely to perceive it as an airplane overhead than as a UFO)
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