Discuss the role of sleep in adolescent development
What will be an ideal response?
At puberty, revisions occur in brain regulation of sleep, perhaps because of increased neural sensitivity to evening light. As a result, adolescents go to bed much later than they did as children. Yet they need almost as much sleep as they did in middle childhood—about nine hours. When the school day begins early, their sleep needs are not satisfied. Sleep-deprived adolescents display declines in executive function, performing especially poorly on cognitive tasks during morning hours. And they are more likely to achieve less well in school, suffer from anxiety and depressed mood, and engage in high-risk behaviors. Delayed school start times, while helpful, do not fully solve the problem.
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At its most basic level, which of the following is based on experiences with positive and negative instances?
a. prototyping b. the random search strategy c. synaesthesia d. concept formation
Which of the following automatically causes a reflex response?
a. unconditioned stimulus c. conditioned stimulus b. unconditioned response d. conditioned response
Many studies of death anxiety assume that
a. adequate instruments and methodologies are available to identify and measure death anxieties b. individuals will be both willing and able to disclose their death anxieties c. death anxiety does exist d. all of these e. none of these
Which of the following is one reason why the United States lags behind other industrialized nations in immunization?
A) Not all medically uninsured children in the U.S. are guaranteed free immunizations. B) Vaccines are not usually available in U.S. public health clinics. C) There have not been any outbreaks of childhood diseases in the U.S., even in areas where many parents refuse to immunize their children. D) Some parents have been influenced by media reports suggesting a link between vaccines and autism.