After analyzing behavior, the nurse determines that a client is demonstrating defense mechanisms. According to Freud, what should the nurse realize as being the cause of this behavior?
1. Anxiety created by conflicts
2. Activation of the conscience
3. Conflict between the id's impulses
4. Immediate pleasure and gratification
5. Underlying motivation for development
Correct Answer: 1, 3
Rationale 1: Defense mechanisms or adaptive mechanisms are the result of anxiety created by the conflicts due to social and environmental restrictions.
Rationale 2: Activation of the conscience is a function of the superego.
Rationale 3: Defense mechanisms or adaptive mechanisms are the result of conflicts between the id's impulses.
Rationale 4: Immediate pleasure and gratification is a function of the id.
Rationale 5: The underlying motivation for development is the libido.
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