A nurse is teaching a health class about colorectal cancer. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)
a. A risk factor is smoking.
b. A risk factor is high intake of animal fats or red meat.
c. A warning sign is rectal bleeding.
d. A warning sign is a sense of incomplete evacuation.
e. Screening with a colonoscopy is every 5 years, starting at age 50.
f. Screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy is every 10 years, starting at age 50.
ANS: A, B, C, D
Risk factors for colorectal cancer are a diet high in animal fats or red meat and low intake of fruits and vegetables; smoking and heavy alcohol consumption are also risk factors. Warning signs are change in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, a sensation of incomplete evacuation, and unexplained abdominal or back pain. A flexible sigmoidoscopy is every 5 years, starting at age 50, while a colonoscopy is every 10 years, starting at age 50.
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