Arterial blood gases are obtained for the patient. The patient's results (pH 7.48, PaCO2 42 mm Hg, HCO3? 32 mmol/L) indicate which one of the following acid–base imbalances?
a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Respiratory acidosis
c. Respiratory alkalosis
d. Metabolic alkalosis
D
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A In metabolic acidosis, the patient's pH would be below 7.35, and the HCO3? would be below 22 mmol/L. The patient is not experiencing metabolic acidosis.
B In respiratory acidosis, the patient's pH would be below 7.35, and the PaCO2 would be elevated above 45 mm Hg. The patient is not experiencing respiratory acidosis.
C In respiratory alkalosis, the patient's pH would be above 7.45, and the PaCO2 would be below 35 mm Hg. The patient is not experiencing respiratory alkalosis.
D The patient's pH is elevated at 7.48 (normal, 7.35 to 7.45), the PaCO2 is normal at 42 (normal, 35 to 45 mm Hg), and the HCO3? is elevated at 32 (normal, 22 to 26 mmol/L). The patient is experiencing metabolic alkalosis.
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