A client reports no improvement after 5 days of therapy with tetracycline. The nurse suspects drug resistance and knows that drug resistance can develop in which ways?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. A drug is prevented from concentrating inside the bacterial cell.
2. A broad-spectrum antibacterial drug is used instead of a narrow-spectrum drug.
3. A bacteriostatic agent is paired with a bacteriocidal agent.
4. Bacteria acquire the ability to degrade the antibiotic.
5. The shape of the bacteria mutates and prevents an antibiotic from binding to it.
Correct Answer: 1,2,4,5
Rationale 1: Resistance can develop when a drug is prevented from concentrating within the bacterial cell.
Rationale 2: Broad-spectrum antibacterial agents are associated with bacterial drug resistance. Narrow-spectrum drugs should be used whenever the bacterial organism is known.
Rationale 3: Pairing bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal agents is a strategy used to reduce the development of resistant strains.
Rationale 4: A shortened duration of therapy can lead to development of resistant strains of bacteria.
Rationale 5: Altering the shape of the bacterial ribosome can prevent an antibiotic from binding to the ribosome.
Global Rationale: Resistance, the ability of an organism to degrade the antibiotic, can develop when a drug is prevented from concentrating within the bacterial cell. Broad-spectrum antibacterial agents are associated with bacterial drug resistance. Narrow-spectrum drugs should be used whenever the bacterial organism is known. Pairing bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal agents is a strategy used to reduce the development of resistant strains. Altering the shape of the bacterial ribosome can prevent an antibiotic from binding to the ribosome.
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