Define the circumplex model of family interaction, and explain how it can be used to describe the dynamics of functional and dysfunctional families.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

- The circumplex model of family interaction seeks to describe the dynamics of functional and dysfunctional families based upon the dimensions of adaptability, cohesion, and communication. It uses the dimensions of adaptability, cohesion, and communication to explain how families face and solve problems.
* Adaptability, which ranges from chaotic to rigid, refers to the family's ability to modify and respond to changes in its own power structure and roles. Less tradition-bound families are better able to adapt to new circumstances.
* Cohesion refers to emotional bonding and feelings of togetherness the family experiences. Families may range from enmeshed, where they are tightly bound together, to disengaged, where they maintain high levels of independence from one another. Family systems are dynamic, so families usually move back and forth along the continuum from disengaged to enmeshed.
* Communication, the most critical element in the circumplex model, determines how families manage cohesiveness and adaptability. Communication keeps families operating as a system. The nature of communication in a family directly impacts the development of family members' interpersonal communication skills.
- The dynamics of dysfunctional families:
* Dysfunctional families are unable to adapt to changing circumstances. They may be either highly enmeshed or disengaged. They are unable to adapt their levels of cohesion. As circumstances change, families need to adapt levels of cohesion.
# For example, a family with young children may need both high levels of cohesion and adaptability. Families with adolescents may need to gradually allow more independence and reduce family cohesion. Older couples may require less cohesion, but high levels of structure and predictability.
* Dysfunctional families tend to have poor communication skills, emphasizing self-oriented perspectives. They tend to listen poorly, blame others, and criticize each other.
- The dynamics of functional families:
* Functional families have effective communication skills that allow them to adapt as circumstances change. When children grow older, a spouse is unable to work, a loved one is lost, or during other stressful situations, communication allows the family to confront and manage the problems it faces.
* Effective communication skills play an important role in helping families change their levels of cohesiveness or adaptability. These skills include active listening, problem solving, conflict management skills, empathy, and being supportive.