Discuss the advantages of using within-subjects group design for experimental research studies.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Varies.
In within-subjects design, all participants receive all levels of the independent variable; also called within-subjects design. This allows comparison of the performance of the same individual across all of the different experimental conditions. An example is the Stroop experiment where a participant received both the congruent and incongruent word lists, and the response time for each word list was measured and compared. Within-subjects also provides a very effective technique to control for individual differences, requires fewer research participants because all participants will receive all treatments. Also desirable when an experimenter is sure that the effect of one treatment will not carry over to, or contaminate, the other condition or conditions of the experiment. The design is essential for longitudinal studies.
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