According to the article Yoking Smoking about operant conditioning, shaping is the process used to
(a) fix poor quality research designs
(b) teach a rat to make its first bar-press response
(c) the way research data are put together for presentation
(d) what happens after a rat has received successive rewards in a Skinner box
B
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Without contact with any other embryonic cells, a mesodermal cell will differentiate into skin.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Why is it important that language elements are related to each other hierarchically?
A. Having a leveled structure makes it easier to encode and comprehend a variety of phonemes. B. A strictly hierarchical structure helps us to differentiate between spoken and written messages. C. A leveled structure allows us to invent new phrases, sentences, and paragraphs that others can understand and respond to. D. Hierarchical structure allows infants to acquire language systematically--first nouns, then verbs, then modifiers, and so on.
Kate, Sue, and Sasha are in the dramatic play area. Kate says that she will be the doctor, Sue is
the nurse, and Sasha is the sick person. Kate and Sue proceed to open the doctor and nurse kits and Sasha reclines on the floor. These children are a. demonstrating global empathy. b. demonstrating moral emotions. c. following social scripts. d. playing around.
Newborns
A. are incapable of perceiving color. B. can perceive few colors. C. can perceive color as well as adults. D. can perceive more colors than most adults.