Renal failure can have prerenal, renal, or postrenal causes. A patient presents with acute renal failure and is being assessed to determine where, physiologically, the cause is. If the cause is found to be prerenal, which condition most likely caused it?
A) Heart failure
B) Glomerulonephritis
C) Ureterolithiasis
D) Aminoglycoside toxicity
Ans: A
Feedback: By causing inadequate renal perfusion, heart failure can lead to prerenal failure. Glomerulonephritis (option B) and aminoglycoside toxicity (option D) are renal causes, and ureterolithiasis (option C) is a postrenal cause.
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