Which statement most accurately describes the relationship between reliability and validity of a measurement instrument?
1. A measure cannot be reliable unless it is valid.
2. As reliability increases, validity decreases.
3. A measure cannot be valid unless it is reliable.
4. As validity increases, reliability decreases.
3
Rationale 1: The reliability of an instrument tells nothing about the degree of validity. An instrument can be very reliable but have low validity.
Rationale 2: There is no evidence that increasing reliability decreases validity.
Rationale 3: Reliability of a measure is always considered first because reliability is a necessary condition for validity. An instrument cannot be valid unless it is reliable.
Rationale 4: There is no evidence that increasing validity decreases reliability.
Global Rationale:
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