Citizen advisory committees serve
a. exclusively as a vehicle to ensure citizen participation in government.
b. simply as a tool to be manipulated by politicians.
c. as a way to circumvent state legislatures and city councils in developing public policy.
d. a number of political purposes and provide a formal structure for citizen input.
d
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The Federal Reserve, or the Fed, is fully independent, meaning
a. it must act in accordance with the president's policies. b. its decisions are reviewable by the courts. c. its members are elected by the voters. d. its decisions need not be ratified by the president, Congress, or the courts.
The general psychological tendency to deny discrepancies between one's preexisting beliefs (cognitions) and new information is known as _____
a. cognitive dissonance b. schematic reasoning c. impact of perceptions d. behavioral sociology
Acts of political participation require the expenditure of resources such as time, money, or expertise. The wealthy are more than twice as likely as those in low-income groups to participate in all forms of political activity. Better-educated individuals are more likely to engage in electoral activities and community activities. Religious institutions with open leadership positions often provide opportunities to learn civic skills. Upper-income jobs provide more opportunities than low-skill jobs to develop resources that are useful for political life.
What will be an ideal response?
The Iran-Contra scandal during the Reagan administration is most closely associated with which of the following barriers to information flow?
a. secrecy b. administrative confidentiality c. small congressional staffs d. large congressional staffs