Which of the following statements best sums up the results of the Human Genome Project?
a. All the proteins in the human body have been sequenced, but not all functions are known
b. All 28,976 genes and their functions have been decoded.
c. The human genome was patented in 2000 by Walter Gilbert, one of the inventors of sequencing.
d. About 99% of the genes have been sequenced but functions of most are unknown.
d
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__________ pathogens obtain resources from living cells, whereas __________ pathogens kill cells before colonizing them
A. Biotrophic; necrotrophic B. Necrotrophic; biotrophic C. All bacterial; all fungi D. All fungi; all bacterial E. Asymptomatic; symptomatic
Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?
A. All of these answer options are functions of the kidneys. B. elimination of toxic compounds C. regulation of water levels in the body D. regulation of electrolyte levels in the body E. regulation of blood pressure
Of all the biological molecules, which ones are
the most diverse in both structure and function?
a. proteins b. carbohydrates c. lipids d. nucleic acids e. steroids
Many insects, like moths and flies, undergo complete metamorphosis. What would you predict about gene expression in these two kinds of insects?
A. The same genes are expressed at each stage, but the age and number of cells accounts for the minor morphological differences. B. The basic organization of homeotic genes is the same in both larvae and adult, but the expression of some other genes must be different. C. Completely different sets of genes must be used in the development of larvae and the adult. D. The order of homeotic genes along the body axis must be different in larvae and adult.