What are the positives and negatives of using anesthetics during childbirth? What does the research indicate about the impact on mother and child?
What will be an ideal response?
First, this is a private decision that should be left up to the mother. That in mind,
however, we must also remember that anesthetics do cross through the placenta and
can affect the fetus. How much effect there is, and how long these effects might last,
depend upon various factors including (1) what substances are used, (2) how much of
the substances are used, and (3) how early in the labor process these substances are
used. Some women report more dissatisfaction with the birthing process after having
made the decision to be sedated. However, many women appreciate some pain relief
during the labor and delivery process. Whether anesthetics have long-term effects on
the child has long been debated. General anesthesia, for example, can induce abnormal
patterns of sleep and wakefulness, and decreased attention and social responsiveness
shortly after birth. However, there is little evidence that general or other forms of
anesthesia, such as regional or local anesthesia, have any long-term effects on children.
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The organization of information starting with low-level features and building into a complete perception is known as
a. perceptual expectancy. b. top-down processing. c. bottom-up processing. d. perceptual habituation.
The best-known effect of smoking during the prenatal period is __________
A) colic B) respiratory distress at birth C) low birth weight D) delayed language development
What is the reason a woman has contractions when she is going through childbirth?
A. Contractions cause the cervix to dilate, so that the fetus's head can pass through. B. Contractions cause the amniotic sac to rupture to allow for labor to begin. C. Contractions serve as the signal for the mother to go to the hospital. D. Contractions move the baby into the correct position for delivery.
Computer scientists used the concept of _______ to suggest parallels or similarities in parts played, between entities like computers and humans, despite differences in their structural makeup (such as neurons versus electrical circuits).
a. operationism b. instrumental identity c. functional equivalence d. operational identity