What type of evidence would be required to show that “learning styles” need to match teaching methods in order for optimal learning to occur?
What will be an ideal response?
You would need to show a crossover interaction between the style of two groups of learners
and two different teaching styles. For example, learners with Style A would need to perform
better with Method 1, and learners with Style B would need to perform better with Method 2. It
would not be enough to have results where learners with Style A always outperformed learners
with Style B, or to have results where Method 1 was always superior to Method 2.
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Theories based on social learning theory posit that most boys might adopt traditional male gender roles because they receive social reinforcers for imitating male role models. By contrast, Freud's psychosexual theory states that boys resolve their unconscious castration anxiety, known as the _____, by adopting traditional male gender roles. In evaluating these theories, the social learning theory
is preferred because it is _____. A) genital stage; falsifiable B) phallic stage; more general C) Oedipus complex; more parsimonious D) psychosexual complex; testable
Martha and Stan are newlyweds. They see a therapist because Martha is afraid of sexual intercourse. The therapist asks Martha exactly which acts make her anxious, constructs a hierarchy of those threatening acts, teaches her to relax,
and asks her to imagine each threatening scene in the hierarchy and use the relaxation technique to reduce her anxiety as she imagines each scene from the bottom to the top of her hierarchy. The therapist is using _______. a. desensitization b. behavioral contracting c. free association d. positive regard