A drawback in using primary punishers and primary reinforcers in research is that:
a. they are not as effective as secondary reinforcers in conditioning procedures.
b. using primary punishers or taking away a primary reinforcer is sometimes not ethical.
c. the experimenter must first make sure that the stimulus has acquired reinforcing properties.
d. they are more likely than other punishers and reinforcers to lead to superstitious behaviors.
Answer: b
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a. 10 b. 25 c. 50 d. 100
Most infant tests predict __________
A) school achievement well B) later intelligence poorly C) motor responses poorly D) adult vocational success well
In ________________ the Supreme Court held that the Sixth Amendment guarantees that indigent criminal defendants receive legal representation.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Elkind believes that adolescent pseudostupidity results from their lack of:
A) creativity. B) experience. C) intelligence. D) logical thinking.