What happens to a rat that has had its adrenal gland removed? Why?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: The adrenal gland secretes aldosterone which plays a role in Na+ absorption (and secondarily water recovery) and enhances K+ excretion in the kidney. Aldosterone targets the principal cells of the distal tubule and collecting ducts, binding to a cytoplasmic hormone receptor and entering the nucleus to stimulate transcription of genes involved in ion transport. Beginning a few hours after removal of the adrenal gland, the rat produces copious amounts of urine, high in Na+ and low in K+, as would be expected based on the role of aldosterone. Over time, the animal dehydrates as it draws fluids from the extracellular spaces to maintain blood volume and pressure.
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The plasma membrane of which structure in the diagram is the initiation site of taste transduction?
a) F b) B c) D d) E e) G
Describe the signal molecule derivatives of arachidonic acid.
What will be an ideal response?
In the renal tubules, where is the Na+/K+ pump located?
A) in both the apical and basolateral membranes of principal cells B) in the basolateral membrane of the proximal tubules C) in both the apical and basolateral membranes of intercalated cells D) in the apical membrane of the collecting ducts E) in the apical membrane of the descending limb of the loop of Henle
What type of muscle is found along the digestive tract?
a. smooth b. cardiac c. skeletal d. vascular