Which of the following is NOT a principle used when analyzing cladograms?
A. All species, or higher taxa, are placed on tips in a phylogenetic tree.
B. All species, or higher taxa, are placed on nodes in a phylogenetic tree.
C. Each cladogram branch point should have one or more shared derived characters that are common to all species above the branch point, unless the character is later modified.
D. All shared derived characters appear together only once in a cladogram unless they arose independently during evolution more than once.
E. All species, or higher taxa, are placed on tips in a phylogenetic tree and all shared derived characters appear together only once in a cladogram unless they arose independently during evolution more than once.
B. All species, or higher taxa, are placed on nodes in a phylogenetic tree.
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Which of the following is TRUE
A. Adhesions are nonfibriular protein at the surface of Gram positive bacteria B. Biofilm promotes establishing bacterial community and protects it against antibiotics and host defense C. Pili are filamentous rod proteins that protrude from Gram negative bacteria D. None of the above are true E. All of these are true
All organisms that generate energy (ATP) aerobically need to take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from their bodies. This process is known as
A) absorption. B) respiration. C) conduction. D) ingestion. E) elimination.
Natural selection will likely eliminate deleterious alleles more quickly with sexual reproduction than with asexual reproduction.
a. true b. false
Amino acids are converted to substrates of the Krebs cycle by (beta-oxidation/deamination/transamination)
What will be an ideal response?