Which older adult patient's medical conditions appear to support the hypothesis upon which the immunologic theory of aging is based? Select all that apply
a. Has, at age 64, been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
b. Has been treated for multiple sclerosis since age 30
c. Is managing a 36-year history of chronic Graves' disease
d. Has begun to experience symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis
e. Is experiencing a flare up of celiac disease, which was diagnosed at age 26
ANS: A, D
Immune function significantly declines with aging. Rheumatoid arthritis and mature-onset diabetes are two diseases that are commonly experienced during older age that are caused by alterations to the immune system. Although the remaining options reflect disease processes associated with the immune system, they manifested in early adulthood.
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Which of the following patients is most likely to benefit from transplantation of thymic tissue or major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-compatible bone marrow?
A) A 12-year-old girl with a history of epilepsy and low IgG levels secondary to phenytoin use B) A 7-year-old boy whose blood work indicates decreased IgA and IgG with increased IgM C) A 6-year-old boy whose pre-B cells are incapable of translation to normal B cells D) A 9-year-old girl who has a diagnosis of IgA deficiency
When giving an injection into an adult's arm, the maximum volume is
A. 1 mL. B. 0.5 mL. C. 3 mL. D. 2 mL.
The process to develop the DNP has been slow and challenging. The various APRN organizations have published their positon papers on the subject. Which statement best reflects the position of NONPF about the DNP degree?
A) It supports the recommended deadline for DNP entry to practice. B) It suggests that the DNP should be a worthwhile goal to attain. C) It includes the development of additional criteria for each specialty of APRNs. D) It believes that the timeline for mandating the DNP for entry be instituted immediately.
A patient who has GERD with erosive esophagitis has been taking a PPI for 4 weeks and reports a decrease in symptoms. The patient asks the primary care NP if the medication may be discontinued. The NP should tell the patient that:
a. the dose may be decreased for long-term therapy. b. antireflux surgery must be done before the PPI can be discontinued. c. the condition may eventually be cured, but therapy must continue for years. d. once the symptoms have cleared completely, the medication may be discontinued.