Describe two of the four modulation techniques used by satellite.

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Binary phase shift keying (BPSK)-Shifts the starting point of a carrier wave by 180 degrees, depending on whether a 1 or a 0 is being transmitted.
Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK)-Shifts the starting point of the carrier wave by 90 degrees; can transmit 2 bits per symbol.
Eight-phase shift keying (8-PSK)-Can transmit up to 3 bits per symbol
16-level quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM)-Primarily used for sending data downstream; considered very efficient but is susceptible to interference, so not generally used for upstream transmissions.

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? Identify and state the historical significance of parity.

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