Describe the differences between basic and complex emotions in terms of what they are, how they are assessed, and when they develop
What will be an ideal response?
Basic emotions are experienced by humankind and consist of three elements: a subjective feeling, a physiological change, and an overt behavior. Some examples of basic emotions are happiness, anger, fear, and disgust. Scientists measure infants' facial expressions and other overt behaviors to assess basic emotions. They emerge between birth and 9 months. Complex emotions are responses to meeting or failing to meet expectations or standards. They depend on the child having some understanding of the self. Some examples of complex emotions are pride, guilt, and embarrassment. Facial expressions and other overt behaviors are also used to assess complex emotions. They emerge between 18 to 24 months.
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Iris is a vegetarian, but she was forced (at gunpoint) to eat a steak last night. Research suggests that even under these highly unusual circumstances, she will still feel dissonance and try to rationalize her steak-eating to reduce this dissonance
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
In the study by Steinberg and colleagues of risk-taking and impulse control, _____________________________
a. levels of risk-taking peaked at ages 19 to 22 and levels of impulse control reached adult levels at ages 16 to 18. b. females rated themselves as more vulnerable to risk-taking than males c. levels of risk-taking peaked at age 12 to 15 and levels of impulse control reached adult levels at ages 18 to 22 d. males who engaged in risk-taking at a younger age continued risk-taking into adulthood
The basis for much of the power that groups exert over us involves
a. group structure. b. group cohesiveness. c. groupthink. d. group compliance.
A child argues and whines when his mother asks him to clean his room and then she cleans his room herself so that he will stop whining. This is an example of
a. disinhibition. c. punishment. b. counterimitation. d. a negative reinforcement trap.