What affects the Na+ equilibrium potential?
What will be an ideal response?
The internal Na+ concentration, relative to external Na+ concentration
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Even after a positive test for a microbial cause, chronic prostatitis is unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. Why might this be the case?
A. Mixed species biofilms are hard to eliminate with antibiotics. B. The infection is sporadic. C. It is a viral infection. D. The side effects of the drug are too great.
Shade-tolerant plant species are generally found early in succession and are replaced by hardier, shade-intolerant species
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle:
A. relies on calcium and ATP to contract B. is controlled by the stimulation of motor units C. uses temporal summation to increase contractile force D. has both fast twitch and slow twitch muscle fiber types E. is multinucleate
Which of the following is a possible phenotpic outcome resulting from a mutation?
A. Reduced fitness B. Enhanced fitness C. No effect on fitness D. All of the above E. None of the above