The school nurse provides first aid to the 10-year-old student with an uncomplicated arm fracture. The nurse wants to provide nonpharmacologic pain relief and minimize regional edema. Which first-aid treatment does the nurse provide for the client?
1. Cold compress
2. Covered ice bag
3. Aquathermia pad
4. Moist heat compress
2
2. The nurse applies an ice bag over a cover or towel to the student's arm to reduce pain, swelling, and bleeding because cold therapy provides a regional anesthetic af-fect and vasoconstricts to limit regional blood flow. The nurse protects the student's arm from thermal injury by wrapping the ice bag before the application.
1. A cold compress is inadequate to provide regional vasoconstriction for a fractured arm.
3 and 4. Heat application from an Aquathermia pad or a moist compress is contrain-dicated for the fracture because both therapies increase blood flow and promote va-sodilation. The fluid pressure in the area can increase from the heat to increase client pain, bleeding, and edema.
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