During sexual reproduction, novel mixtures of alleles are generated. This is because ______
(a) in all diploid species, two alleles exist for every gene.
(b) a diploid individual has two different alleles for every gene.
(c) every gamete produced by a diploid individual has several different alleles of a single gene.
(d) during meiosis, the segregation of homologs is random such that different gametes end up with different alleles of each gene.
Choice (d) is correct. Many alleles can exist for any gene [choice (a)], and a diploid individual can have either two different or two identical alleles of any given gene [choice (b)]. Every gamete only has a single allele of any gene [choice (c)].
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