Explain how border searches differ from other searches under the Fourth Amendment

What will be an ideal response?


Border searches are vital to U.S. national security. Searches of persons, belongings, and vehicles at international borders are reasonable under the Fourth Amendment because the Constitution does not require even a hint of suspicion of criminal activity (Boyd v. United States, 1886; Carroll v. United States, 1925; United States v. Ramsey, 1977). Because of the compelling state interest in stopping the flow of illegal immigrants, prohibited goods, and contraband into the country, the courts have recognized that Fourth Amendment protections do not apply at immigration borders, especially at points of entry. Immigration and border agents need no amount of certainty, be it reasonable suspicion or probable cause, to conduct a search at the border, regardless of whether the person being searched is a citizen or noncitizen

Criminal Justice

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The cost of achieving public order through police action is a combination of cost in tax dollars and

A) an increase in violent crime. B) a reduction in civil liberties. C) slower emergency response. D) short staffing for investigations.

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Anger-driven panic is caused by the collective anger of a particular group over some event or circumstance

a. True b. False

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Risk factors for violence that are unchangeable are referred to as ______ risk factors

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

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__________ refers to a victim's physical weakness or psychological stress that renders him or her incapable of resisting or deterring crime

a. Target vulnerability b. Group vulnerability c. Target weakness d. Vulnerable target

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