A nurse in the labor and delivery room is assessing respirations on a newborn. The nurse understands that which change in the respiratory system occurs postnatally?
a. Respirations are stimulated by hypoxemia.
b. It takes up to 48 hours for most of the alveoli to expand.
c. Surfactant in the lungs interferes with lung expansion.
d. Pulmonary blood flow decreases after birth.
A
A postnatal change in the respiratory system is the stimulation of respiration by hypoxemia, hypercarbia, cold, tactile stimulation, and a possible decrease in the concentration of prostaglandin E2 . Inflation of the normal lung is complete within a few breaths, and most alveoli have expanded within the first hour of life. Surfactant in the lungs lowers surface tension and facilitates lung expansion. Pulmonary blood flow increases after birth.
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