A client with suspected exposure to HIV has been tested with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with positive results twice. What is the next step for the nurse to explain to the patient for confirmation of the diagnosis?
A) Perform the p24 antigen test for confirmation of diagnosis.
B) Perform a Western blot test for confirmation of diagnosis.
C) Perform a polymerase chain reaction test for confirmation of diagnosis.
D) Perform a T4-cell count for confirmation of diagnosis.
B
Feedback:
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, an initial HIV screening test, is positive when there are sufficient HIV antibodies; it also is positive when there are antibodies from other infectious diseases. The test is repeated if results are positive. If results of a second ELISA test are positive, the Western blot is performed. The p24 antigen test and the polymerase chain reaction test determine the viral load, and the T4-cell count is not used for diagnostic confirmation of the presence of HIV in the blood.
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