Describe the role of nationalism in the creation of Germany, both before and after 1871. Include a summary of liberal and conservative nationalism in your answer
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER:
The basic tenet of nationalist ideology was that people were not the subjects of a sovereign but citizens of a nation, bound by a common government, territory, and culture. Language was crucial in linking together different groups of people. It was particularly significant in the German case, as German-speaking peoples were spread through the Prussian state, the Austrian Empire, France, and throughout northern Europe. Germany reorganized itself under the leadership of Otto von Bismarck and between 1864 and 1871 fought wars against Denmark, the Austrian Empire, and France. Superior technology and tactics contributed to resounding German victories. By 1871, German power was solidified and the territory of the modern German state was defined. After 1871, nationalism came to be qualified as either liberal or conservative. Liberal states, which included Britain and France, were governed by an ideology that asserted the sovereignty of the people under a constitution and required a popularly elected representative government. On the other hand, conservative nationalist states, such as Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia, used nationalism to maintain older and more hierarchical forms of government. As Europe approached World War I, nationalism proved more divisive than unifying.
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