Why did the trade empires in the Indian Ocean region succeed while the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires declined?
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER:
As outlined previously, changes in the world economy and military technologies undermined the land-grant system, which was the basis of the large land-based empires. In the seafaring empires, by contrast, improved technology in firearms, gunpowder, ship design, and navigation proved a boon. The influx of New World silver and the development of joint-stock companies provided an economic edge for Europeans. For non-European traders in the Indian Ocean, however, Islam created a common bond and cemented diverse peoples into a cohesive trading network. Islam also strengthened resistance and solidarity against the Europeans.
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What will be an ideal response?
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