In what ways did cities of the Gilded Age differ geographically from those of an earlier era? Why did these changes come about?
What will be an ideal response?
The chapter is built around the concept of a transformation from an undifferentiated walking city to a functionally specialized city built around mass transportation. Although this is a difficult concept, better students ought to get the big picture. The development of transportation enabled affluent residents to set up residential districts on the city's perimeter, districts that were usually incorporated into the city proper. Downtown areas became more expensive, leading to the creation of high-rent central business districts that forced industry to the periphery. Because workers could not afford the transportation costs, they had to live within walking distance from their places of employment, creating working-class neighborhoods, generally differentiated by ethnicity.
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Thorstein Veblen argued that
A. the philanthropy of industrial tycoons had subverted the natural workings of society. B. modern societies should rely on a handful of highly trained engineers to govern the economy. C. true social reform would only occur if the nation's wealth were redistributed. D. only the wealthy leisure class had adequate time and money to help the needy. E. the leaders of corporations were the natural choice to create social reform.
The presidency of Jimmy Carter marked a temporary ________ in relations between the United States and Latin America
A) worsening B) hiatus C) reversal D) crisis
What best describes the ruling policies of Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union?
a. They forced the exportation of Russian Communism to Central and South America. b. They evoked a "New Thinking" about internal and global politics, as well as an emphasis on openness and reform. c. They increased political repression in Russia and in Eastern Europe. d. They grew out of Russian misperceptions of United States strengths and failed to appreciate that American military spending and tax reductions under Ronald Reagan had greatly increased American budget deficits. e. They led to a reform of Soviet Communism and the permanent strengthening of the Soviet regime.
What does the term island dwarfing refer to?
a. people who live on very small isolated islands in the Red Sea b. areas that seems to produce smaller strains of various species of animals and humans c. sites that lost area as ice sheets melted d. islands that are under-populated e. population loss on isolated islands where food supplies cannot sustain the population