What is a Nash equilibrium? How is a Nash equilibrium different from a dominant strategy equilibrium?
What will be an ideal response?
A combination of strategies is a Nash equilibrium if each player chooses a strategy that is a best response to the strategies of others. This means that when the players are in a Nash equilibrium, no player in the game will be able to change his strategy and improve his or her payoff.
In a Nash equilibrium each player has chosen a best response to the strategies the other players have chosen. In a dominant strategy equilibrium each player has chosen a strategy that is a best response to any strategy the other players could have chosen. So, while a dominant strategy equilibrium is also a Nash equilibrium, a Nash equilibrium is not necessarily a dominant strategy equilibrium.
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Based on this model, if the government uses a uniform standard
Suppose that two firms, X and Y, face the following abatement costs: MACX = 1.2AX, MACY = 0.3AY TACX = 0.6AX2 TACY = 0.15AY2 Further assume that the combined abatement standard is 40 units for both firms. a. the total abatement cost for firm X is $24 b. the total abatement cost for firm Y is $12 c. the combined total abatement cost for both firms is $1,200 d. the combined total abatement cost for both firms is $300
Nominal GDP can change
A) only if prices change. B) only if the quantities of goods and services change. C) only if prices increase. D) if either prices or the quantities of goods and services change. E) only if prices and the quantities of the goods and services change.
The Federal Reserve views commercial bank use of the discount window as
A) something to be used only by commercial banks. B) completely up to the borrower. C) a privilege, not a right for eligible borrowers. D) something to be used only in financial panics.
If all of the divisions in a vertically integrated firm are owned by the same company, why is it possible that asymmetric information problems can lead to inefficient outcomes in vertically integrated firms?
A) Divisions that produce parts for other divisions have effective monopoly power, so the outcome for these division must be inefficient. B) This outcome is no longer possible in the U.S. after passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley law. C) Vertically integrated firms are often subject to antitrust investigations, so managers routinely limit the amount of information that flows between divisions. D) Managers in some divisions may not have information about production capacities or costs in related divisions.