The nurse should expect to observe which behavior in a patient with posttraumatic stress disorder?
A) Normal memory recall
B) Hyporeflexia
C) Euphoria
D) Hypervigilance
D) Hypervigilance
Explanation: A) The HPA axis plays a role in affecting the memory of individuals with PTSD. The experiencing of intrusive thoughts and memories in a manner beyond the person's control may result in increased cortisol levels. A period of exposure to levels of cortisol often associated with psychologic and physical stress has been shown to produce reversible alterations of declarative memory, which governs the conscious recall of long-term memories.
B) Stressors that are seen as uncontrollable may lead to a sensitization of catecholamine receptors that manifests as hypervigilance, increased autonomic nervous system hyperreactivity, and increased startle response.
C) Stressors that are seen as uncontrollable may lead to a sensitization of catecholamine receptors that manifests as hypervigilance, increased autonomic nervous system hyperreactivity, and increased startle response.
D) The release of dopamine from the prefrontal cortex is enhanced in the presence of stressors of great intensity or long duration. This release of dopamine has been thought to contribute to the development of PTSD through effects on neurons in the prefrontal cortex, leading a state of hypervigilance.
You might also like to view...
When your are administering medications to a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the client states, "I should just stop taking them and get it over with." A therapeutic response by the nurse would be
a. "You have to take these! If you stop you will get very sick." b. "You're just feeling depressed right now. You'll feel better later." c. " Tell me more about what you're feeling." d. "You have the right to refuse treatment."
Which nursing interventions included in the care of a mechanically ventilated patient with acute respiratory failure can the registered nurse (RN) delegate to an experienced licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) working in the intensive care unit?
a. Assess breath sounds every hour. b. Monitor central venous pressures. c. Place patient in the prone position. d. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
How are subjects selected for qualitative research studies?
a. As volunteers through advertising for subjects b. Based on knowledge or experience c. By random sampling methods d. Through convenience sampling
In assessing a patient with damage to the occipital lobe, the nurse correlates which clinical manifestation to this injury?
a. Intentional tremors b. Visual changes c. Decreased hearing d. Inability to formulate words