The type of futures research that community-oriented police departments need is:
a. reliable
b. valid
c. both a and b
d. none of the above
c
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Although secrecy and solidarity are both parts of police subculture, they are not involved in facilitating corruption
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The definition of a variable in terms of the specific actions to measure or indicate it in the empirical world is called _____________
a. operational definition b. operationalization c. clarification d. clear conceptualization e. organization
Which of Marquart’s (1986) forms of coercion was used for minor offenses?
a. counseling b. tune-up c. ass whippings d. both Counseling and Tune-up
Effective managerial leaders display
a. idiosyncratic traits b. charismatic qualities c. an assumed role d. functionality e. none of the above