Which of the following early theorists argued that punishment should be a deterrent and also explained behavior as a result of free will and hedonistic calculus?

A. Bentham
B. Darwin
C. Howard
D. Freud


A. Bentham

Criminal Justice

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It is discouraged in police academies to accept gratuities

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

Packer's _____ reflect the tensions of crime-control in a democratic society

a. crime-control and due process models b. feminist and patriarchal models c. diversity and exclusive models d. oppression and expression models

Criminal Justice

Law enforcement certification involves completing coursework in all of the following areas except:

A) law. B) use of weapons. C) politics. D) police procedures. E) psychology.

Criminal Justice

The architectural design of a prison can influence the nature of interactions, including opportunities for violence

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice