Which of the following is NOT a proposition of differential association theory?

a. Differential association may vary in frequency, duration, priority, and intensity.
b. The same mechanisms are involved in learning crime as involved in other learning.
c. Criminal behavior is inherent.
d. Criminal behavior is learned through interaction and communication with others.


c. Criminal behavior is inherent.

Criminal Justice

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Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

The police are not the only authority empowered to use physical force.

Criminal Justice

Which of the following groups are especially vulnerable to debt bondage?

A. The poor B. Children C. The uneducated D. Immigrants

Criminal Justice

In which case did the Supreme Court rule that children also have rights that are protected by the Constitution?

A. In re Gault B. Gideon v. Wainwright C. Mapp v. Ohio D. Miranda v. Arizona

Criminal Justice

Which of the following is an example of a back-door program?

a. Determinate punishments b. Indeterminate punishments c. Boot camp prisons d. Capital punishment

Criminal Justice