The clinic nurse describes the respiratory system changes common to pregnancy to the new nurse. These changes include (select all that apply):
a. An increased tidal volume
b. A decreased airway resistance
c. An increased chest circumference
d. An increased airway resistance
ANS: a, b, c
During pregnancy, a number of changes occur to meet the woman's increased oxygen requirements. The tidal volume (amount of air breathed in each minute) increases 30% to 40%. The enlarging uterus creates an upward pressure that elevates the diaphragm and increases the subcostal angle. The chest circumference may increase by as much as 6 centimeters, and airway resistance decreases. Although the "up and down" capacity of diaphragmatic movement is reduced, lateral movement of the chest and intercostal muscles accommodates for this loss of movement and keeps pulmonary functions stable. There is no increase in airway resistance during pregnancy.
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