A ______________ is an ultra-hot collection of electrically charged particles
a. gas
b. liquid
c. plasma
d. solid
c
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If Venus and Earth outgassed a similar amount of CO2 early in their histories, why are their surface temperatures so different today?
a. Venus didn’t contain any water, so couldn’t be dissolved and converted into sediments. Therefore, the runaway greenhouse effect made its surface much hotter. b. Venus was closer to the Sun, water tended to be in the atmosphere rather than in oceans, and couldn’t be dissolved. Therefore, the runaway greenhouse effect made the surface of Venus much hotter c. Venus’s moon fell onto the planet with a catastrophic impact, producing massive ejecta and increasing the abundance of in the atmosphere. Therefore, the greenhouse effect made its surface much hotter. d. Venus didn’t have a detectable magnetic field, so the solar wind reached Venus’s surface and evaporated additional from the crust, increasing the greenhouse effect and making its surface much hotter.
A 200-volt battery is connected to a 0.50-microfarad parallel-plate, air-filled capacitor. Now the battery is disconnected, with care taken not to discharge the plates. Some Pyrex glass is then inserted between the plates, completely filling up the space. What is the final potential difference between the plates? (The dielectric constant for Pyrex is ? = 5.6.)
What will be an ideal response?
A spaceship from another galaxy passes over the solar system directly above a radial line from the Sun to the Earth. (We measure that distance to be 1.5 × 10^11 m.) On Earth, the spaceship is observed to be traveling at a speed of 0.80c, for which ? = 5/3 . As measured on Earth it takes the spaceship 625 seconds to travel from the Sun to Earth. When a scientist in the spaceship measures the
Earth-Sun distance and the time it takes her to travel that distance, she finds the results are, respectively a. 9.0 × 10^10 m; 375 s. b. 9.0 × 10^10 m; 625 s. c. 1.5 × 10^11 m; 625 s. d. 2.5 × 10^11 m; 625 s. e. 2.5 × 10^11 m; 1042 s.
Alpha decay reduces the atomic and mass numbers respectively by how much?
A) 4, 2 B) 2, 2 C) 2, 4 D) 4, 4 E) 2, 6