Select the one most appropriate choice for each.

A. Acetyl-CoA formation
B. The citric acid cycle
C. Glycolysis
D. Fermentation
E. Electron transfer phosphorylation


A. Produces NADH and CO2; pyruvate oxidized
B. Produces ATP, NADH, and CO2
C. Splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules
D. Regenerates NAD+ as pyruvate is converted to ethanol or lactate
E. Uses a membrane-bound system that sets up production of ATP

Biology & Microbiology

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Which of the following statements about the organization of complex multicellular organisms is false?

A. Exterior cells are highly differentiated whereas interior cells are not differentiated. B. Only some cells are in direct contact with the environment. C. Interior cells cannot grow as fast as exterior cells without mechanisms to transfer nutrients between cells. D. Exterior cells receive environmental signals directly, whereas interior cells receive environmental signals indirectly. E. Signals transferred from exterior cells to interior cells can activate or repress gene expression in the interior cells.

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Pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis are at risk of

A. placental insufficiency. B. being unable to nurse. C. being unable to deliver vaginally. D. having a premature baby.

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Which gene is unique to the Y chromosome?

a. Tinman b. PAX6 c. SRY gene d. P53 e. Eyeless

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Water molecules can "stick" to certain surfaces by

A. cohesion. B. pneumatophores. C. adhesion. D. water pressure. E. root pressure.

Biology & Microbiology