Conciliarism argued that the pope
a. was dependent on church councils for authority.
b. derived authority from the concept of papal infallibility.
c. must have the approval of the Council of Constance.
d. could be confirmed only by the college of cardinals.
e. was answerable only to God.
a
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Which of the following did NOT help to make the Twelfth-Century Awakening possible?
a. the revival of trade and the reappearance of urban life b. the Carolingian Renaissance c. increased contacts with Byzantium and the Muslim world d. a weakening of the Church's position in society e. greater political and social order
Savonarola's prophesies were interpreted as heresy and his execution was termed "bonfire of the vanities."
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
In 1856, in which territory did confrontations between free- and slave-state factions become violent?
a. Oregon b. Kansas c. Utah
The Hepburn Act
a. banned child labor. b. set maximum hours for female workers. c. allowed the ICC to establish maximum railroad rates. d. created the Federal Reserve System.