Enculturation begins with the development of self-awareness, which may be defined as the:
a. ability to assume social roles.
b. ability to identify oneself as an object, to react and appraise oneself.
c. process by which the self adapts to a particular environment.
d. process by which an individual identifies right and wrong.
e. belief that one has lived a previous life.
ANSWER: b
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a. It may be performed simultaneously. b. It can express political values and attitudes. c. It is unique and is not associated with other communicative forms of art. d. It varies widely from society to society in performance value. e. It is supported substantially by governments in some state societies.
________ is the term for the marginal or in-between phase of a rite of passage.
A. Liminality B. Mana C. Animism D. Taboo E. Voodoo
In the context of tribal societies, what is a "big man"?
A. a leader who avoids excessive displays of generosity B. someone who holds a permanent political office C. a person who creates his reputation through entrepreneurship and generosity to others D. a hereditary ruler E. a leader who has tremendous power because he is regarded as divine
The ________ of a behavior includes all the factors that have influenced an organism since its conception.
A. proximate stimulus B. ontogeny C. function D. phylogeny