Fred is afraid of spiders. He won't even watch a nature show about them on TV. When he sees a picture of a spider, he has a panic attack, but when he avoids looking at the image, his panic goes away. Fred's avoidance of spiders is being __________.
A. extinguished, because he feels anxious after doing so
B. recovered spontaneously, because he will never get better
C. positively reinforced, because he is rewarded by his anxiety going down
D. negatively reinforced, because he is rewarded by his anxiety going down
Answer: D
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Animals often respond to very cold temperatures by a. curling up to reduce exposed surface area, maximizing heat loss. b. curling up to reduce exposed surface area, minimizing heat loss. c. stretching out to expose surface area, maximizing heat loss
d. stretching out to expose surface area, minimizing heat loss.
Baby Travis is happy when he interacts with his parents and is comforted by their nearness when he is stressed. This strong affectionate tie is known as
A) temperament. B) goodness of fit. C) attachment. D) emotional self-regulation.
The term __________ describes how individuals have more than one social identity and that these varies identities overlap.
A. transsexual B. heterosexual C. gender nonconforming D. intersectionality
In the study by Englund, Luckner, and Whaley regarding parental expectations of academic success, what were the general findings?
A. Parental expectations of academic success were related to the level of education obtained by the child. B. Parental expectations of academic success were more strongly related to the child's perceived academic competence than to high school GPA. C. Parental expectations of academic success were not related to level of education obtained by the child. D. Parental expectations of academic success were related to income level as an adult.