Explain the stages of syphilis. What are the characteristics of and treatments required at each stage?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: The first stage of syphilis, called primary syphilis, begins with a localized infection and growth of Treponema pallidum where a characteristic chancre lesion appears within two weeks to two months. Secondary syphilis occurs when the cells from the initial site of infection spread and a hypersensitive, generalized skin rash reaction occurs when the cells move into other locations such as mucous membranes, joints, eyes, bones, or the central nervous system. Both the first and second stages of syphilis are treatable by a single injection of benzathine penicillin G. Tertiary syphilis requires several injections over time of penicillin and has the most severe symptoms that can be bone and skin infections or, even worse, death caused by infections in the cardiovascular or central nervous systems.
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Most often, genomic library screening uses ____
a. a labeled, complementary single-stranded RNA or DNA molecule called a probe b. colonies of vector bacteria on a Petri dish in order to replicate the desired genome c. recombinant plasmids containing DNA and DNA ligase d. cut plasmids containing recognition sites used to carry DNA molecules e. tRNA polymerase copies with a truncated copy of a DNA template
The medicinal leech, once used to withdraw "unhealthy" blood from patients, produces ____________ to ensure blood flow from the host?
A. antibiotics B. antibodies C. anticoagulants D. blood clots E. suture material
Like bacteria, yeasts grow easily in culture. But why are they regarded as more useful for recombinant DNA technology?
a. They are more stable in culture than prokaryotes because they are not prone to bacteriophages. b. They are virtually harmless to humans so they are less risky to work with than prokaryotes. c. Because yeasts are eukaryotic, they exhibit post-transcriptional mRNA editing not performed by any prokaryotes such as Escherichia coli. d. They have longer lifespans so they do not have to be split and recultured as often.
Which tissue assists in absorption and secretion, and in the movement of materials?
a. A b. B c. C