A gerontological nurse is aware that increased aldosterone is a major factor in the pathophysiology of heart failure. Which of the following medications reduces aldosterone-induced retention of sodium and water?
A) Hydrochlorothiazide
B) Enalapril maleate
C) Spironolactone
D) Losartan potassium
C
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Spironolactone (Aldactone) is an aldosterone antagonist that reduces aldosterone-induced retention of sodium and water and impaired vascular function. Thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin II–receptor blockers do not have this mechanism of action.
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During an assessment of an adult, the nurse has noted unequal chest expansion and recognizes that this occurs in which situation?
a. In an obese patient b. When part of the lung is obstructed or collapsed c. When bulging of the intercostal spaces is present d. When accessory muscles are used to augment respiratory effort
A 73-year-old patient with Parkinson's disease has a nursing diagnosis of impaired physical mobility related to bradykinesia. Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care?
a. Instruct the patient in activities that can be done while lying or sitting. b. Suggest that the patient rock from side to side to initiate leg movement. c. Have the patient take small steps in a straight line directly in front of the feet. d. Teach the patient to keep the feet in contact with the floor and slide them forward.
A nursing student is preparing an oral presentation about autosomal recessive inheritance. What must occur for an offspring to demonstrate signs and symptoms of the disorder with this type of inheritance?
A) Both parents must be heterozygous carriers. B) One parent must have the disease. C) The mother must be a carrier. D) The father must be affected by the disease.
____________________ is the hormone that lowers blood sugar.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).