How should the nurse aim to reduce a patient's risk of developing pressure ulcers?
a. Position the patient directly on the trochanter when the patient is lying on his or her side.
b. Use a doughnut device for the patient when sitting up.
c. Position the patient at a 30-degree lateral turn and limit head elevation to 30 degrees.
d. Massage over bony prominences.
C
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A Positioning the patient directly on the trochanter is not recommended.
B Doughnut-shaped cushions are contraindicated because they reduce blood supply to the area, resulting in wider areas of ischemia.
C The patient should be positioned at a 30-degree lateral turn with the head elevation limited to 30 degrees to prevent pressure ulcers.
D Bony prominences should not be massaged. Massaging reddened areas increases breaks in the capillaries in the underlying tissues and increases the risk of injury to underlying tissue and pressure ulcer formation.
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