In which U.S. Supreme Court case did the Court rule that in regards to juvenile offenders, a sentence of life without parole for those convicted of noncapital offenses was a violation of the prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment?

a. Reynolds v. Florida
b. Graham v. Florida
c. United States v. Shallet
d. Kenny v. Indiana Youth Center


b. Graham v. Florida

Criminal Justice

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Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the Incident Command System (ICS)?

A) Common Terminology B) Span of Control C) Unified Command D) none of the above

Criminal Justice

What is one common factor that has been important in all of the examples of expanding technologies in the courtroom?

A. the passage of laws mandating that courts become more efficient B. the large caseloads have pushed courts to search for ways to process cases more quickly C. there has been considerable public pressure to modernize courts D. equipment, devices, and software have all become more affordable in recent years

Criminal Justice

Research suggests that the greatest threats to children and teenagers on the Internet are other children and teenagers, not adult pedophiles

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

Pretrial drug testing did not help to predict rearrests for those persons on bail

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice