Invertebrates have an innate immune system but no adaptive immune system
1.True
2.False
1
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What does a photosystem consist of?
a. a photovoltaic cell and a chromatography center b. a light-harvesting complex and a reaction center c. a solar energy center and an NADPH complex d. an electron-harvesting complex and a thylakoid lumen
In regards to mRNA stability, what is the effect of decapping enzymes?
A) The m7G cap of mRNAs is stabilized allowing mRNAs to be protected at the 5' end. B) The splicing of mRNAs is blocked, which destabilizes mRNAs. C) The polyadenylation of mRNAs is stabilized allowing mRNAs to be protected at the 3' end. D) The m7G cap of mRNAs is removed causing mRNAs to be degraded from the 5' end. E) The polyadenylation of mRNAs is removed and mRNAs are degraded from the 3' end.
Consider a bean plant growing in a "Three Sisters" garden. The bean's stem twines up on corn plants, and its roots are shaded by squash plant leaves. The bean's roots have nodules with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and a close association with mycorrhizal fungi in the soil. The bean flowers are pollinated by bees, and the seeds may be dispersed by rodents. Which species would be considered to comprise the bean's holobiont? Choose all that apply.
A. Bean B. Bee C. Corn D. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria E. Rodents F. Mycorrhizal fungi G. Squash
When a gene is duplicated:
a. it may be lost through mutation. b. it may become nonfunctional through mutation. c. it may gain a new activity. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.